Recent OAI Publications
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Automated thigh muscle segmentation using foundation models: validation and impact of segmentation quality
Tuesday, October 13, 2026Authors:
Katharina Ziegeler,Gabrielle Hoyer,Felix Liu,Virginie Kreutzinger,Zehra Akkaya,Gabby B Joseph,John A Lynch,Valentina Pedoia,Sharmila Majumdar,Thomas M LinkRss Source:
European radiology experimentalCONCLUSION: Foundation models can be fine-tuned on a modest task-specific dataset to achieve segmentation accuracy comparable to bespoke networks, without training a dedicated architecture from scratch. Visually erroneous segmentations introduce only negligible degradation of quantitative performance and downstream metrics and may thus be challenging to identify by data-driven detection strategies. -
Baseline Knee Extension Is Associated With Volumetric Femoral Cartilage Loss in the Central Region of the Mid-lateral and External Medial Femoral Condyles: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Monday, October 12, 2026Authors:
Domenica Cirone,Darsan Sadacharam,T Mark CampbellRss Source:
CartilageObjectiveData evaluating knee flexion contracture (FC)-associated regional changes on femoral articular cartilage are lacking. We compared regional femoral articular cartilage outcomes of people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) with and without FC using quantitative MRI data.MethodsArticular cartilage of the medial and lateral femoral condyles were segmented into internal, central, and external subregions on MRI. Goniometry measured knee extension. We tested for regional differences in cartilage... -
Re-examining the pain-depression vicious cycle in knee osteoarthritis: a random-intercept cross-lagged panel analysis
Friday, October 02, 2026Authors:
Yannick Bruns,Hendrik FahlbuschRss Source:
BMC musculoskeletal disordersCONCLUSIONS: In knee OA, the link between pain and depression was mainly explained by stable differences between individuals. At annual intervals we found limited evidence for reciprocal within-person effects, which is not evidence that none exist; shorter-term dynamics were not estimable. Depressive symptoms should still be assessed, but the findings do not support an automatic year-to-year feedback loop, and do not show whether treating one symptom improves the other. -
Spatially resolved longitudinal changes in tibial subchondral trabecular bone texture for exploratory prediction of incident knee osteoarthritis
Wednesday, September 30, 2026Authors:
Ahmad Almhdie-Imjabbar,Hechmi Toumi,Eric LespessaillesRss Source:
Frontiers in physiologyAlthough prediction of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (rKOA) using baseline clinical and radiological data has been widely studied, the impact of temporal changes in imaging and clinical biomarkers remains less investigated. This study examined whether longitudinal changes in spatially resolved trabecular bone texture (TBT) improve prediction of incident rKOA. Participants with longitudinal data were selected from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Incident rKOA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence... -
Physical Performance and Central Nervous System-Active Analgesics Independently Predict 8-Year Fall Risk in Adults with or at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis
Sunday, September 27, 2026Authors:
Saad M Bindawas,Vishal VennuRss Source:
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationCONCLUSIONS: Among adults with or at risk for knee OA, CNS-active analgesic use and impaired physical performance were independent predictors of long-term fall risk. Routine assessments of physical performance help clinicians identify individuals at greater risk of falls when prescribing CNS-active medications and guide the development of tailored fall-prevention strategies in rehabilitation. -
Sex differences in cartilage anatomy, imaging & treatment response
Wednesday, September 16, 2026Authors:
Felix EcksteinRss Source:
Osteoarthritis imagingCONCLUSIONS: Between and within species, large differences exist in the heterogeneity of morphological traits. Sexual dimorphism can be male- or female biased in different species; within humans some musculoskeletal characteristics are greater in men and others in women. Men display "genuinely" greater JSW, cartilage thickness, and joint surface areas than women, the latter potentially contributing to a lower joint pressure and lower incidence in knee osteoarthritis than in women.... -
Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Percentiles Across Age in Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis
Sunday, September 13, 2026Authors:
José Luis Ceballos-Sánchez,Manuel Reguera-Rodríguez,Rosa M Alfonso-Rosa,Francisco Álvarez-Barbosa,Borja Del Pozo Cruz,Jesús Del Pozo-CruzRss Source:
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitationCONCLUSIONS: Adults with knee OA accumulated low levels of device-measured PA, with less favorable patterns observed at older ages and among participants with greater pain and higher BMI. These percentile distributions may help contextualize an individual's activity level relative to comparable adults with knee OA in rehabilitation and research settings; however, they are descriptive reference distributions and do not replace guideline-based PA targets. -
Explainable Multi-planar Multi-slice Learning for Efficient 3D MRI Knee Osteoarthritis Classification
Saturday, September 12, 2026Authors:
Tam Minh Nguyen,Tuan Duc Ngo,Hung Huu Pham,Tho Thanh QuanRss Source:
Journal of imaging informatics in medicineAccurate multi-class grading of knee osteoarthritis (OA) from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains challenging due to subtle inter-class differences and high structural similarity between adjacent Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grades. While deep convolutional neural networks have shown promise in OA classification, existing approaches often rely on large parameter counts and primarily focus on binary discrimination. In this work, we propose a lightweight hybrid framework for five-class KL grading... -
Population-scale modeling of the natural knee: automated segmentation, finite element simulation, and machine learning prediction of time-series joint mechanics
Friday, September 04, 2026Authors:
Kalin D Gibbons,Vahid Malbouby,Ethan J Cooper,Amanda K Ivy,Clare K FitzpatrickRss Source:
Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineeringThis study combined automated medical image segmentation, hexahedral meshing, and dynamic finite element stance-phase gait simulations with statistical shape modeling and supervised learning for 483 natural knees from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Ridge regression and recurrent neural networks were trained to predict 38 time-series kinematic, loading, contact, and soft-tissue outputs from anatomic features. The best model, a bidirectional LSTM, achieved an average 1σ-normalized RMSE of 0.45,... -
Stance-phase kinematic descriptors differentiate clinical subgroups in women with moderate knee osteoarthritis
Wednesday, September 02, 2026Authors:
Mayra A Loayza-Saldaña,Simone Tassani,Laura Tío,Jordi Monfort,Gil Serrancolí,Gemma Piella,Jérôme NoaillyRss Source:
Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnologyCONCLUSION: Stance-phase kinematics differentiate two groups of women with moderate KOA who share radiographic severity but follow different treatment pathways. Pelvic tilt emerged as the most consistent descriptor across multivariate, individual-level, and pain-related analyses, and the most robust under adjustment for gait speed. Kinematics offer an accessible alternative to kinetic measurements for describing clinical heterogeneity in moderate KOA, although integration with imaging and... -
Longitudinal Associations of MRI-Based Thigh Muscle and Adipose Tissue Features with Incident and Progressive Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis
Tuesday, September 01, 2026Authors:
Jiahui Fu,Dong Dong,Xin Chen,Tao Wang,Lin Mu,Mingyang Li,Zheng Miao,Ling Yang,Zeng Li,Huimao ZhangRss Source:
Academic radiologyCONCLUSION: Automated three-dimensional MRI analysis identified muscle-specific quantity and intramuscular adiposity features associated with prevalent and subsequent radiographic KOA, providing candidate imaging markers for future risk assessment and rehabilitation studies. -
Association of thigh muscle status and longitudinal changes assessed by MRI with subsequent total hip arthroplasty: insights from the osteoarthritis initiative
Tuesday, September 01, 2026Authors:
Xiangjie Yin,Ziquan Li,Yuanpeng Zhu,Di Liu,Terry Jianguo Zhang,Siyi Cai,Nan WuRss Source:
Arthroplasty (London, England)CONCLUSION: A greater 2-year change in total thigh muscle CSA, corresponding to greater gain or less loss, was associated with a lower incidence of subsequent THA. Conversely, lower change values or greater CSA loss were associated with higher subsequent THA incidence. Findings for individual muscle regions and alternative processing methods did not remain significant after false discovery rate correction and should be interpreted as exploratory. Longitudinal total thigh muscle CSA may warrant... -
Predicting knee osteoarthritis radiographic progression: A multimodal diffusion approach
Monday, August 31, 2026Authors:
Dingyu Wang,Xueqing Yu,Xinwei Du,Jiaxin Liu,Jiajun Liu,Shan Zeng,Tingting Jiang,Dong JiangRss Source:
Osteoarthritis and cartilageCONCLUSIONS: KOA-Diff synthesizes future radiographs reflecting accurate structural progression, providing an interpretable tool for KOA prediction. -
Structured MOAKS-based MRI features for predicting medial joint space narrowing progression: a comparative osteoarthritis initiative study
Saturday, August 29, 2026Authors:
Minggui Bao,Ahmad Alkhatatbeh,Jiankun Xu,Hongjiang Chen,Zhonglian Huang,Xiaohui Lu,Tariq Alkhatatbeh,Jun HuRss Source:
Frontiers in physiologyCONCLUSION: Baseline MOAKS features provided prognostic information beyond radiographic or clinical-radiographic severity for fixed 48-month medial JSN progression. In this selected MOAKS-scored cohort, adding a baseline-radiograph ResNet50 encoder did not improve discrimination over the structured models. The finite number of test events, selected MOAKS availability, calibration requirements, and lack of external validation preclude claims of clinical readiness. -
Longitudinal associations between complementary and alternative medicine use and pain trajectories in knee osteoarthritis: a panel analysis from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Friday, August 28, 2026Authors:
Doori Kim,Yoon Jae Lee,In-Hyuk HaRss Source:
Frontiers in medicineCONCLUSIONS: CAM use, particularly chiropractic therapy, was associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in knee pain in patients with KOA. Given the modest effect size and observational design, these findings warrant further prospective evaluation of chiropractic care as a non-pharmacological option.